| File-Based System |
Database System
|
| Data redundancy is not controlled. |
Data redundancy is controlled.
|
| Data is inconsistent. |
Data is consistent.
|
| Structures of data files are dependent on application programs. |
Structures of data files are independent from application programs.
|
| Data sharing is limited. |
Data can be shared among multiple users.
|
| Data atomicity problem occurs. |
Data atomicity problem does not occur.
|
| It does not provide proper security against illegal access of data. |
It provides proper security against illegal access of data.
|
Related data may be stored in many data files.
|
All related data is stored into a single database file.
|
| Integrity consistency rules cannot easily be applied to data file so that the.
correct data can be entered into data file. |
Integrity consistency rules can be applied to database so that the correct data
can be entered into database.
|
| It has not control over concurrency. |
It has control over concurrency. |
